Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a chemical compound of concern due to its stability and potential toxicity to the environment and human health. As its presence in water resources increases, the need for effective water purification systems becomes more urgent. The water purification systems of Camelot®, such as Imperial, are designed to meet these challenges by providing safe and clean water.
What is Trifluoroacetic Acid?
Trifluoroacetic acid (C₂HF₃O₂) is an organic pollutant belonging to the family of fluorinated organic compounds. It is produced as a by-product in various industrial processes, such as the production of fluorinated polymers and coolants. Its high stability and water solubility mean that it can remain in the environment for long periods of time, posing risks to human health and ecosystems.
The table below summarises the key test results and related information described in the report on TFA (Trifluoroacetic acid) in drinking water in 11 European countries.
Key results of TFA testing in drinking water
| Sample type | Number of Samples | TFA detection | Range of TFA concentrations (ng/L) | Average TFA concentration (ng/L) |
| Drinking water (tap water) | 36 | 34 (94%) | < 20 - 4100 | 740 |
| Bottled water (mineral and spring water) | 19 | 12 (63%) | < 20 - 3200 | 278 |
Important Points
- TFA detection in drinking water:
- TFA was detected in 94% of drinking water (tap) samples from 11 European countries, with concentrations ranging from below the limit of detection (LOD) of 20 ng/L to 4100 ng/L, with a mean concentration of 740 ng/L.
- TFA was detected in 63% of bottled water samples (mineral and spring), with concentrations ranging from below the LOD to 3200 ng/L, with an average concentration of 278 ng/L.
- Multi-PFAS analysis on mixed samples:
- The analysis on mixed samples confirmed that TFA is the dominant form of PFAS contamination (>98%) in drinking water.
- Relevance to human health:
- Toxicological studies are limited, but some recent studies show that TFA can cause similar effects to the better known PFAS (liver toxicity and birth defects) at higher concentrations.
- The Netherlands Agency for Health and the Environment (RIVM) has proposed an indicative drinking water guideline for TFA at 2200 ng/L, based on a risk assessment.
- Legal Framework:
- Despite the widespread use of TFA, there is still no legal limit in the EU for TFA in surface water, groundwater or drinking water.
- From 2026, an overall limit for PFAS of 500 ng/L in drinking water in the EU is expected to apply, possibly including TFA.
Impact on Health and the Environment
Trifluoroacetic acid is resistant to biodegradation, making it a long-term source of pollution in water systems. Despite the lack of extensive studies on its effects on human health, there is concern about potential toxic effects, such as liver and kidney damage and endocrine disruption. In the environment, TFA can affect aquatic life, reducing biodiversity and disrupting ecosystems.
Removal of Trifluoroacetic Acid from Water
Η removal of trifluoroacetic acid from drinking water is a challenge because of its chemical stability. Traditional water purification methods, such as chlorination and ozonation, are ineffective in removing such stable organic contaminants. This is where sophisticated water purification systems, such as those of Camelot®.
The Water Purification Systems of the Camelot®
Η Camelot®, with its advanced water filters, offers effective solutions for the removal of trifluoroacetic acid from drinking water. The systems Imperial® of Camelot® use multi-stage technologies with 850 g active medicinal coconut charcoal with 0.1 micron pores that can retain trifluoroacetic acid.
Effects of the Use of Imperial's Filters Camelot®
With the use of filters Imperial® of Camelot®, consumers can be assured that their drinking water is free from dangerous pollutants such as trifluoroacetic acid. This protection is vital to ensure the health of families and to maintain water quality.
Conclusion
The presence of trifluoroacetic acid in water systems is a serious environmental and health concern. These results indicate a serious concern about the presence of TFA in drinking water in Europe and the need for stricter regulatory measures and additional research on their toxicity and effects on human health.
The need for advanced water purification systems that can remove this pollutant is greater than ever. Η Camelot®, with its water purification systems, such as the Imperial®, offers a reliable and effective solution, ensuring clean and safe drinking water for all. By adopting these technologies, we can protect our health and the environment, enjoying clean water without worry.
Sources
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA):
- "Information on Chemicals" section provides detailed information on the properties and risks associated with trifluoroacetic acid.
- ECHA - Trifluoroacetic Acid
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA):
- Report on the potential impact of TFA on food safety.
- EFSA - Trifluoroacetic Acid
- European Environment Agency (EEA):
- Publications discussing the environmental impact and persistence of TFA.
- EEA - Perfluorinated Compounds
- European Commission:
- Policy documents and risk assessments regarding TFA in the context of water safety.
- European Commission - Water Safety
- German Federal Environment Agency (UBA):
- Studies and reports on the occurrence and impact of TFA in the environment.
- UBA - Trifluoroacetic Acid
- Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN):
- Research on the detection and environmental impact of TFA in European water bodies.
- FOEN - Persistent Organic Pollutants
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS):
- Risk assessments and industrial impact studies related to TFA.
- INERIS - Trifluoroacetic Acid
- UK Environment Agency:
- Investigations and reports on the environmental presence and effects of TFA.
- UK Environment Agency - Trifluoroacetic Acid
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA):
- Studies on the occurrence and behaviour of TFA in European aquatic environments.
- NIVA - Perfluorinated Compounds
- European Federation of National Associations of Water Services (EurEau):
- Policy recommendations and studies on the removal of TFA from drinking water.
- EurEau - Water Quality
- PAN Europe Report
These sources provide extensive information and analysis on trifluoroacetic acid, its effects and removal methods, making them valuable for research and understanding of the subject.
